Keywords: SHBG; polymorphism; athletes
Authors: E. S. Egorova1, L. J. Mustafina2, I. I. Ahmetov2,1; 1Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, 2Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation.
Abstract: Testosterone regulates muscle mass and strength, bone mass, fat distribution and the production of red blood cells. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is the key protein responsible for binding and transporting of testosterone. SHBG regulates its bioavailability and therefore its effects in the body. Polymorphism at the SHBG gene locus (rs12150660 G/T) has been associated with testosterone concentrations. Since individuals with the TT genotype have higher serum testosterone concentrations in comparison with carriers of the G allele (data from GWAS), we hypothesized that the carriage of the T allele may give some advantage for strength and power performance. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the SHBG G/T polymorphism, athlete status and muscle mass. A total of 363 Russian athletes and 130 controls were genotyped using RT-PCR. Muscle mass was measured by body composition analyzer Tanita MC-980. The frequencies of the T allele in power-oriented athletes (n=143, 20.3%; P=0.7462), endurance-oriented athletes (n=220, 15.0%; P=0.2054) and a whole cohort of athletes (17.1%; P=0.5078) were not significantly different from controls (18.8%). However, the frequency of the T allele in elite power-oriented athletes (n=65, 26.2 vs. 12%, P=0.0061) was significantly higher as compared with elite endurance-oriented athletes (n=58). Furthermore, correlation analysis showed positive association between the T allele and muscle mass among non-elite female athletes (n=8, P=0.0072, r= 0.8729). Although more evidence is needed, one might suggest that the SHBG gene G/T polymorphism is associated with power athlete status.
Title: J17.28 - Genome-wide association analysis identifies a locus on DMD (dystrophin) gene for power athlete status in Russians
Keywords: GWAS; athlete; DMD
Authors: V. A. Naumov1, I. I. Ahmetov2, A. K. Larin1, E. V. Generozov1, N. A. Kulemin1, E. A. Ospanova1, A. V. Pavlenko1, E. S. Kostryukova1, D. G. Alexeev1, V. M. Govorun1;
1Research Institute for Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation.
Abstract: Power athlete status is a heritable trait: around two-thirds of the variance in this phenotype is explained by genetic factors. Since power and endurance are located at the opposite extremes of a muscle performance continuum, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of elite Russian power-oriented athletes (sprinters and strength athletes) and endurance-oriented athletes as controls was performed to identify common genetic variants associated with elite power athlete status. 102 sprinters, 86 strength athletes and 178 endurance-oriented athletes were genotyped using the Illumina® HumanOmni1-Quad BeadChips. When comparing sprinters and endurance-oriented athletes, the most significant association (P=6.2[[unable to display character: ∗]]10-7) was shown for the rs939787 polymorphism. Interestingly, this association was replicated (P=2.9[[unable to display character: ∗]]10-6) by comparing strength athletes and endurance-oriented athletes (P=3[[unable to display character: ∗]]10-8 when sprinters and strength athletes were combined). The rs939787 is located in the DMD (dystrophin) gene which plays an important role in muscle contraction and strength, linking the intracellular cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. In conclusion, our data suggest that the DMD gene rs939787 polymorphism is associated with elite power athlete status in Russians.
Title: J17.58 - Variations in nuclear genes are associated with elite sport performance in the Polish population
Keywords: sport performance; ACE; ACTN3
Authors: B. J. Peplonska1, K. Safranow2, J. G. Adamczyk3, M. Siewierski3, H. Sozański3, A. K. Gajewski3, M. Berdynski1, A. Maruszak1, C. Zekanowski3;
1Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland, 2Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, 3Department of Sport’s Theory, Institute of Sport, Jozef Pilsudski University oh Physical Education in Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
Abstract: Objectives: Single nucleotide polymorphisms are the most common type of human genetic variation. It is widely recognized that genetic factors located in mitochondrial and nuclear genomes influence sport performance. The aim of our study was to assess whether selected nuclear DNA variants are associated with athlete performance in the Polish population.
Methods: The study group comprised 413 unrelated elite athletes and the control group consisted of 451unrelated sedentary individuals. The athletes were stratified into two subgroups: the power athletes (n=188) and the endurance ones (n=225). The study group included 284 participants of Olympic and International Games and the remaining 129 athletes were national[[unable to display character: –]]level athletes. The DNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes using standard procedures. Genotyping of 10 nuclear DNA variants (ACE, rs4341; ACTN3, rs1815739; GABPB1, rs12594956; CHRNB3, rs4950; AGT, rs699; FAAH, rs324420; PPARG, rs1801282; TFAM, rs1937; TFAM, rs 2306604; PGC1α, rs 8192678) was conducted using TaqMan method. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistica ver. 10.
Results: We showed that six polymorphisms were associated with outstanding results in power (TFAM,rs 2306604, FAAH, ACE, ACTN3) or endurance sports (CHRNB3, GABP1). Gender and sport level of athletes were also significant
Conclusion: Our study indicates that in the Polish population genetic background could influence sport performance.
Title: J17.48 - The association of REN gene polymorphism with athlete status and muscle mass
Keywords: polymorphism; REN gene; skeletal muscle
Authors: L. J. Mustafina1,2, G. N. Khafizova1, R. R. Almetova1, R. R. Kasimova1, E. S. Egorova2, I. I. Ahmetov1,2;
1Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russian Federation, 2Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
Abstract: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is supposed to be one of the regulators of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation (Zhang et al. 2003; Johnston et al. 2011). Renin (encoded by REN gene), as a component of the RAS, activates the renin-angiotensin cascade by catalyzing the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I (Rupert, 2006). The aim of present study was to investigate the association between the intron 8 83A/G (rs2368564) polymorphism of the REN gene, athlete status and muscle mass in Russians. Two hundred and sixty eight Russian athletes (90 females and 178 males) from different sporting disciplines were involved in the study. REN genotype and allele frequencies were compared to 151 controls (74 females and 77 males). Genotyping for the REN polymorphism was performed by RT-PCR. Muscle mass parameters were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analyzer Tanita MC 980 (Japan) in 125 athletes (44 females and 81 males). We found that the frequency of the REN G allele was significantly higher in power-oriented athletes (78 vs 68%; P=0.021) compared to controls and this difference was even more pronounced in elite power-oriented athletes (89%; P=0.018). Furthermore, the REN G allele was positively correlated with fat-free mass, absolute muscle mass, muscle mass of trunk and left/right legs in elite athletes. In conclusion, we have shown that the 83A/G polymorphism of the REN gene is associated with power athlete status and skeletal muscle parameters in Russians.
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