tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-227780861638767023.post7900299833132702855..comments2024-01-27T00:27:45.851+00:00Comments on race/history/evolution notes: Dating sub-Saharan admixture in North African/ahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02378473351485233448noreply@blogger.comBlogger3125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-227780861638767023.post-7876808306670860272010-05-17T00:45:26.907+01:002010-05-17T00:45:26.907+01:00[continued]
The coalescence ages for the L sequen...[continued]<br /><br /><i>The coalescence ages for the L sequences observed nowadays in North Africa shows the<br />young ancestry of these lineages, which were originated in sub-Saharan Africa in the<br />Holocene. This proves that sub-Saharan people did not leave traces in the maternal gene pool<br />for the time of settlement of North Africa, some 40,000 years ago. And for sure, the<br />continuous publishing of complete L sequences across Africa will reveal still younger ancestors between L sequences observed in both sides of the Saharan desert, bringing its<br />introduction into North Africa to more recent/historical times.<br /><br />It is also relevant that the interpolation analyses of haplogroups inside the L pool across the<br />Sahara revealed horizontal gradients, matching in a high extent the known trans-Saharan<br />routes. The West is dominated by L1b, L2b, L2c, L2d, L3b and L3d. The Center has L3e and<br />some L3f and L3w. The East bears L0a, L3h, L3i, L3x and, in common with the Center, L3f<br />and L3w. L2a is almost everywhere, strengthening its dominance in the slave package, not<br />only towards the New World, but also in the trans-Saharan trade.<br /><br />Both these genetic evidences agree with historical data that the introduction of the Asiatic<br />horse into North Africa around 2,000 years ago lengthened the reach of desert nomads’<br />raiding and trading. Before this period, the few black slaves taken from time to time across<br />the Sahara would have been seen on the far side of the Mediterranean as mere exotic<br />household ornaments. But, it may be argued that there was no regular trans-Saharan trade<br />system before the rise of the camel-mounted Berber nomad, in the first Christian centuries,<br />and perhaps not even until after the arrival of the first camel-riding Muslim Arabs in North<br />Africa, in the seventh century [39].</i>n/ahttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02378473351485233448noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-227780861638767023.post-8672622191440396262010-05-17T00:45:08.871+01:002010-05-17T00:45:08.871+01:00Harold,
That's what they're saying.
The...Harold,<br /><br />That's what they're saying. <br /><br /><i>The genetic information testifies that recent migrations were the main events leading to the<br />mtDNA pool observed nowadays in Maghreb populations. The ancestral Near Eastern pool,<br />remnant of the ancient Back-to-Africa migration through the Levant around 40,000 years ago<br />[9] is very restricted. Values for these haplogroups are around 8.6% in El Jadida and 10% in<br />Tunisia [6]. A bulk of the West Eurasian lineages present in Maghreb populations is<br />constituted by the typical Iberian sub-haplogroups H and V (12.3% and 9.9%, respectively, in<br />El Jadida). It is highly probable that these lineages did expand towards North Africa when<br />they expanded to the rest of the European continent, from Iberia, around 14,000 years ago, as<br />they are present in all North African populations, even in those not known as directly<br />historically related with Iberia [6].<br /><br />Recent mtDNA data have shown that considerable local population expansions occurred in<br />Sahel nomadic populations around 4,000 years ago, following important movements of<br />northern and eastern African people towards the recently formed Sahel region. These local<br />expansions were revealed in one branch of the typical East African haplogroups L3f, the L3f3<br />almost restricted to the Chadic-speaking nomadic groups [1] and in one branch of the typical<br />Iberian haplogroup V in southern Tuareg populations [8]. Thus, the emergence of the modern<br />Sahara, beginning some 4,000 years ago, hardened existing geographical divisions and<br />separated peoples, forcing the black Saharans into the oases or southwards into the more<br />attractive lands of the Sahel.<br />This barrier in gene flow is evident when attending to the global L haplogroup frequencies in<br />African populations. There is a clear horizontal gradient across the continent, attaining values<br />of 95% and higher in the Sahel region in West and Central Africa, but not in the Eastern<br />African coast where those values are only reached around the border between Tanzania and<br />Mozambique. The lower values for L frequencies in the eastern African coast are due to the<br />southern migration of the Eurasian haplogroup M1, which is typical of East Africa. North<br />Africa reaches L frequencies of 20-40%, while the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East have<br />around 20-30% (only higher in Yemen).</i>n/ahttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02378473351485233448noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-227780861638767023.post-78271022980170234492010-05-11T10:47:47.572+01:002010-05-11T10:47:47.572+01:00I don’t understand the last sentence. Is it saying...I don’t understand the last sentence. Is it saying there was no admixture from ~40,000 years ago until the Arabs introduced the trading of slaves from Sub-Saharan Africa?<br /><br />—HaroldAnonymousnoreply@blogger.com